Web Reference: What does the .= operator mean in PHP? Asked 13 years, 4 months ago Modified 6 years, 4 months ago Viewed 65k times String Operators String Operators ¶ There are two string operators. The first is the concatenation operator ('.'), which returns the concatenation of its right and left arguments. The second is the concatenating assignment operator ('.= '), which appends the argument on the right side to the argument on the left side. Please read Assignment Operators for more information. On assigment by operation operators There is a family of operators we can call assignment by xyz, where xyz here represents a binary operation on operands of the same type, such as addition, subtraction, concatenation. So, let's say we have an operator ⊕: int * int → int, meaning that it takes a pair of int s and produces another one:
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